Demystify code signing and its importance in app development. Get help troubleshooting code signing issues and ensure your app is properly signed for distribution.

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Definitive Rules for Using Secure Enclave on MacOS
Can someone tell me the applications requirements for using the secure enclave on MacOS? Does the application need to be signed with the secure-enclave entitlement in order to use it? Since this is a restricted entitlement, does my App ID need approval to use it from Apple? Currently I'm building in XCode 16 on Sequoia (15.5) using developer signing. My application is a C/C++ daemon running as plist out of /Library/LaunchDaemons. I have also built it as an application using the instructions here but this has not lead to a solution: https://developer.apple.com/documentation/xcode/signing-a-daemon-with-a-restricted-entitlement/ When I run my application from the command line via sudo signed but without the secure-enclave entitlement enabled in my entitlements file it runs. The first call to: SecAccessControlRef access = SecAccessControlCreateWithFlags( kCFAllocatorDefault, kSecAttrAccessibleWhenUnlockedThisDeviceOnly, kSecAccessControlPrivateKeyUsage, &error); succeeds without error. The call to create the key using: SecKeyRef privateKey = SecKeyCreateRandomKey(attributes, &error); then fails with error: (OSStatus error -50 - Failed to generate keypair) Here are the setup attributes (keySize = 256): CFDictionarySetValue(attributes, kSecAttrKeyType, kSecAttrKeyTypeECSECPrimeRandom); CFDictionarySetValue(attributes, kSecAttrKeySizeInBits, keySize); CFDictionarySetValue(attributes, kSecAttrLabel, keyName); CFDictionarySetValue(attributes, kSecAttrApplicationTag, keyLabel); CFDictionarySetValue(attributes, kSecAttrTokenID, kSecAttrTokenIDSecureEnclave); // Store in the Secure Enclave CFDictionarySetValue(attributes, kSecAttrKeyClass, kSecAttrKeyClassPrivate); CFDictionarySetValue(attributes, kSecAttrAccessControl, access); CFDictionarySetValue(attributes, kSecAttrIsPermanent, kCFBooleanTrue); // persist key across app restarts and reboots CFDictionarySetValue(attributes, kSecAttrCanEncrypt, kCFBooleanTrue); CFDictionarySetValue(attributes, kSecAttrCanDecrypt, kCFBooleanTrue); CFDictionarySetValue(attributes, kSecAttrAccessible, kSecAttrAccessibleWhenUnlockedThisDeviceOnly); CFDictionarySetValue(attributes, kSecReturnPersistentRef, kCFBooleanTrue); When I run the application signed and include the "com.apple.developer.secure-enclave" in my entitlements file it crashes at startup. I believe this is to be expected based on above. How do I proceed such that my application can use the secure enclave correctly?
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May ’25
How can I export the "Notary Profile" used by notarytool for CI/CD
Once I have built my macOS .app and signed it I run notarytool using this simple shell script: #!/bin/sh ditto -c -k --keepParent "$1.app" "$1.zip" xcrun notarytool submit "$1.zip" --keychain-profile "Notary Profile for DeepSkyStacker" --wait xcrun stapler staple $1.app rm -f $1.zip How can I export that "keychain-profile" (notary profile) so I can use it in CI/CD actions? Clearly I don't wish to expose the full invocation of xcrun notarytool store-credentials.
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Jun ’25
codesign error - No such file or directory
I'm having a problem with codesign for output from Pyinstaller The files are in ~/PycharmProjects/ALP_Document_Factory_II That folder contains the icon file, the entitlement file, and also contains a "dist" folder where Pyinstaller places the app file (ALP_Document_Factory_II.app) The generated app works and runs when I double click it. When I run codesign: codesign -s xxxxxxxx -f --entitlements entitlements.plist -o runtime dist/ALP_Document_Factory_II.app ("xxxxxxx" is where I place the hash of my credential) I get the following error message: No such file or directory Here is the Terminal copy... minus my Hash dickl45@Dicks-iMac3 ALP_Document_Factory_II % codesign -s xxxxxxxxxx -f --entitlements entitlements.plist -o runtime dist/ALP_Document_Factory_II.app dist/ALP_Document_Factory_II.app: No such file or directory Earlier I was able to use codesign and notarytool, but I must be doing something wrong that I can't see. Yours baffled MacOs 15.2
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Jan ’25
Creating codesigned AppleScript apps
In the past it was relatively easy to download from the developer portal both the app signing and installer signing certs so that I could sign AppleScripts from Script Editor when exporting them and when building packages in Jamf Composer. I went to set that up today and it seems things have changed in the last few years since I've had to set this up. I've been unable to sort this out and would love some help. I'm looking for a tutorial on doing this that walks someone step-by-step through the process for obtaining the certs (yes, I have dev account) and setting them up in keychain and then making use of them. Thanks!
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Jun ’25
Code-signing and Notarization Accepted, but Stapler Fails with Error 65
Hello Apple Developer Community, I’m encountering an issue where my macOS app (signed with a valid ‘Developer ID Application’ certificate and accepted by Apple’s notary service) fails when I attempt to staple the notarization ticket. The Apple notary service reports ‘Accepted’ each time, but xcrun stapler staple always returns Error 65, with the local check (spctl -a -vvv) showing ‘Unnotarized Developer ID.’ Here are some key points: Certificate: I have a valid ‘Developer ID Application’ certificate (unexpired) in my login and system keychains, with Apple’s intermediate certificates also installed and set to System Defaults or Always Trust. Notarization: Regardless of whether I submit a .zip of the .app or the final .dmg for notarization, notarytool reports ‘Accepted.’ Stapling: xcrun stapler staple (or notarytool staple) on the exact file I uploaded fails with Error 65, claiming it can’t validate the downloaded ticket. Environment Checks: Checked for duplicate or outdated certificates—only one Developer ID remains. Repeated on multiple code-signed builds (both .app and .dmg) with the same result. Manually tested code-signing the .app with entitlements (for the hardened runtime) and then signing the .dmg without entitlements. Logs: The relevant excerpt from stapler indicates “Could not validate ticket for [app]. The staple and validate action failed! Error 65,” even though Apple’s notary service claims success. Could you please advise any additional troubleshooting steps or possible causes for local validation failure after a successful notarization? I’ve already ensured the environment is up to date with valid intermediates, only one Developer ID certificate. Any insight on diagnosing ticket mismatch or known tool bugs with Error 65 would be appreciated. Thank you!
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Jan ’25
Local DriverKit development blocked by provisioning profile requirement
Hi, I am working on a personal HIDDriverKit project. The documentation suggests that you do not need the entitlements from Apple to do local development - that all you need to do is turn of SIP, enable developer mode, and turn signing to "Sign to Run Locally". However, I have followed all of these steps, and am still running into the error that to build, I need to have a provisioning profile with the DriverKit (development) feature (MacOS 15.2 Xcode 16.2). Am I missing something here regarding the steps for local development? Does one need to request a development version of the entitlements even for local development? Do I need a paid developer account to do this? Thank-you in advance.
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Mar ’25
Unable to install profiles on device and sign apps
I have tried again and again to generate and install the .mobileprovision on my device for testing apps following the exact instructions. I cannot get this to work. When I tap the .mobileprovision on the device I get the error "Profile Error - This profile cannot be installed." In Xcode in the console as I try to install the profile, this is what it shows: `profiled (ManagedConfiguration) Desc : Invalid Profile US Desc: Invalid Profile Domain : MCProfileErrorDomain Code : 1000 Type : MCFatalError and then profiled Desc : Invalid Profile Sugg : Invalid Profile US Desc: Invalid Profile US Sugg: Invalid Profile Domain : MCInstallationErrorDomain Code : 4000 Type : MCFatalError ...Underlying error: NSError: Desc : Invalid Profile US Desc: Invalid Profile Domain : MCProfileErrorDomain Code : 1000 Type : MCFatalError I have been at this for days and cannot get it to work. Any help would be appreciated
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149
Jun ’25
Notarization takes almost a week
Hi everyone! I've send my .dmg file for notarization, it has been accepted on March 5. Since then there weren't any updates, it hasn't changed its status. What might be the problem? Info about submission: createdDate: 2025-03-05T12:13:18.802Z id: 202d877d-d0c4-4211-bba4-6ebdb169a843 status: Accepted
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Mar ’25
dlopen on development iPhone codesign issue
Hi, For the purposes of iteration speed in development builds, on an iPhone in development mode, I am attempting to use hot reloaded dylibs. The goal is that the app is rarely fully restarted and small code changes can be applied quickly, drastically reducing iteration speed. For this purpose I have a socket server on my Mac that sends changed dylibs to my app on my iPhone. This works great on Mac, however on iOS i am running into codesigning problems. I am using the following to codesign the dylib: codesign -f -s XXX --timestamp=none testlibrary-ios.dylib I am placing the downloaded dylib in this folder: const char* cachedirectoryPath = [NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSCachesDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES)[0] UTF8String]; dlopen gives me the following error: dlopen(/var/mobile/Containers/Data/Application/67A3D31B-6F72-4939-9E7F-665FC78CDC61/Library/Caches/testlibrary-ios.dylib, 0x000A): tried: '/usr/lib/system/introspection/testlibrary-ios.dylib' (no such file, not in dyld cache), '/var/mobile/Containers/Data/Application/67A3D31B-6F72-4939-9E7F-665FC78CDC61/Library/Caches/testlibrary-ios.dylib' (code signature invalid in <78A101AD-D756-3526-8754-8B7F4925DE90> '/private/var/mobile/Containers/Data/Application/67A3D31B-6F72-4939-9E7F-665FC78CDC61/Library/Caches/testlibrary-ios.dylib' (errno=1) sliceOffset=0x00000000, codeBlobOffset=0x0000C2E0, codeBlobSize=0x00004990), .... Is loading a dylib like this on iPhones in development mode possible? Any idea what is going wrong with codesigning or installing the dylib? (Obviously this code is never deployed in an app that goes on the AppStore)
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Jan ’25
App Sandbox & Missing Symbols for Nested PyInstaller App Bundle
Hi Developers, I'm encountering persistent validation errors in Xcode 16.3 (16E140) on macOS 15.4.1 (24E263) with M1 when archiving and distributing a macOS app (Developer ID signing + notarization). App Structure: A native Swift/Obj-C wrapper app that launches a nested .app inside its Resources. The nested app is built with PyInstaller and includes: A Python core Custom C++ binaries Many bundled .so libraries (e.g., from OpenCV, PyQt/PySide) Issues During Validation: App Sandbox Not Enabled Error: App Sandbox missing for NestedApp.app/Contents/MacOS/NestedExecutable. Question: For Developer ID (not App Store), is sandboxing strictly required for nested PyInstaller apps? If the wrapper is sandboxed, must the nested app be as well? Given the PyInstaller app's nature (requiring broad system access), how should entitlements be managed? Upload Symbols Failed Errors for missing .dSYM files for: The nested app’s executable Custom C++ binaries .so files (OpenCV, PyQt, etc.) These are either third-party or built without DWARF data, making .dSYM generation impractical post-build. Question: Are these symbol errors critical for Developer ID notarization (not App Store)? Can notarization succeed despite them? Is lack of symbol upload a known limitation with PyInstaller apps? Any best practices?
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May ’25
The staple and validate action failed! Error 65.
I've tried to sign/notarize/staple my Electron app via electron-builder, using electron-notarize. I tried it as well in cmd line - both times, same result. Code signing runs without a problem. Notarize (I did wait two days first time, now it's couple of minutes) Stapling - failure `Downloaded ticket has been stored at file:///var/folders/.... Could not validate ticket for.... The staple and validate action failed! Error 65. ` I've checked, and the tickets are downloaded to said folder. My process: `codesign --deep --force --options runtime \ --entitlements build/entitlements.mac.plist \ --sign "Developer ID Application: Pete..." \ dist/mac-arm64/Modelist.app` ditto -c -k --sequesterRsrc --keepParent dist/mac-arm64/Modelist.app dist/mac-arm64/Modelist.zip xcrun notarytool submit dist/mac-arm64/Modelist.zip \ --apple-id "email" \ --password "app_specific_pass" \ --team-id "team_id" \ --wait Conducting pre-submission checks for Modelist.zip and initiating connection to the Apple notary service... Submission ID received id: 8fa0b3d3-291... Upload progress: 100,00% (98,1 MB of 98,1 MB) Successfully uploaded file id: 8fa0b3d3-291... path: /Users/pete/projects/modelist2/dist/mac-arm64/Modelist.zip Waiting for processing to complete. Current status: Accepted............. Processing complete id: 8fa0b3d3-291... status: Accepted xcrun stapler staple dist/mac-arm64/Modelist.app Processing: /Users/pete/projects/modelist2/dist/mac-arm64/Modelist.app Could not validate ticket for /Users/pete/projects/modelist2/dist/mac-arm64/Modelist.app The staple and validate action failed! Error 65. The certs were installed via XCode. Variables are all exported in env. I followed the instructions for electron-builder from here: https://kilianvalkhof.com/2019/electron/notarizing-your-electron-application/ I'm sure I made a stupid little mistake, but after hours of arguing with ChatGPT we are going in circles and after clicking on almost every link in Google, I'm kindda lost.
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Jan ’25
Migrating Identifier from non-team prefix within single account
Hello, In our Account we have an iOS app with an explicit identifier "ABC123.com.some.app" that is using non-team prefix which is DEF456. It has also explicit identifiers for Widgets bundle and Notification Service. Due to non-team prefix, it can't access e.g. shared keychain and data put there by our other apps. Since we are working on features that require these capabilities, we would like to update the app identifier, so it is prefixed with our team id DEF456. Initially, we thought that the process would require steps like: Create new app, team-prefixed identifier(s) for app and all things that need them Recreate the provisioning profiles with new App Identifier Roll out the app using with new profiles via App Store but when trying to create the new identifier with com.some.app and team id prefix DEF456 we are getting following error: An App ID with Identifier com.some.app is not available. Please enter a different string. Can anybody advise us how to correctly perform such change and what steps are required from our end? We would like to keep our existing App Store entry, ratings and smoothly switch users. We are aware that this kind of migration results in loss of Keychain access. Thanks for any advice on that!
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May ’25
codesign command failed - Requirement syntax error - unexpected token
I am trying to distribute my Unity app to test flight. Build works on iPhone locally, archiving also works but when I start distribution to test flight I get this Error codesign command failed (/var/folders/gn/ql1bht8j2z7b18b3xtt0j7rr0000gn/T/XcodeDistPipeline.~~~2gmyFJ/Root/Payload/TondoJigsaw2.app/Frameworks/UnityFramework.framework: replacing existing signature /var/folders/gn/ql1bht8j2z7b18b3xtt0j7rr0000gn/T/XcodeDistPipeline.~~~2gmyFJ/Root/Payload/TondoJigsaw2.app/Frameworks/UnityFramework.framework: invalid or corrupted code requirement(s) Requirement syntax error(s): line 1:152: unexpected token: sQuaricon ) I am not sure what is the problem Team name is: “sQuaricon” Name Surname s.p. Bundle ID is: com.Squaricon.TondoJigsaw2 When I change bundle ID to com.testasd.TondoJigsaw2 (I do this in Xcode before archiving) that error disappears and I reach the part where I have to pick language. Even though this is not the solution, I think it is interesting, it implies issue might be with Bundle ID but this bundle ID is correct. I am using "automatically manage signing", I did not create any provisioning profile or certificate manually.
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May ’25
Apple Developer Certificate not recognized for codesigning
I’m building an Electron app for macOS that I plan to distribute to users in a .dmg outside the Mac App Store. I have a Developer ID Application certificate (from Apple’s Developer Portal) and a private key, and I can see “Developer ID Certification Authority” in my System Roots keychain. • My Developer ID Application certificate is in the login keychain, and it shows up under “My Certificates” with its private key. • On Keychain, certificate shows red message "not trusted", but when I evaluate and check it specifically for codesigning it shows a green checkmark and success • Developer ID Certification Authority is in System Roots. • security find-identity -p codesigning – shows my certificate, but shows 0 valid identities • Updated operating system and deleted and recreated a new certificate, still get the same issue
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Mar ’25
security find-identity -v -p codesigning 0 valid identities found
I am trying to resign a package using a script from Docebo. But I got an error when running the script error: The specified item could not be found in the keychain. So I ran security find-identity and I got a 0 Valid identity message. But I can see these certificates installed in my keychain and downloaded a brand new mobile provissioning profile. No dice... any ideas?
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Mar ’25
SecTrustSettingsSetTrustSettings Fails on macOS 14.7.5 (ARM EC2) – "Authorization was denied since no user interaction was possible"
Hello Apple Developer Support, We are experiencing an issue when programmatically installing a trusted root certificate on EC2 macOS instances (ARM-based), running the latest version of macOS 14.7.5 (Build 23H527). We are using the following command as part of our automated setup process: sudo security authorizationdb write com.apple.trust-settings.admin allow sudo security add-trusted-cert -d -r trustRoot -k /Library/Keychains/System.keychain "$CERT_NAME" sudo security authorizationdb remove com.apple.trust-settings.admin This fails with the following message: SecTrustSettingsSetTrustSettings: The authorization was denied since no user interaction was possible In the past, as sugested in other posts (https://developer.apple.com/forums/thread/671582) we were able to bypass this issue by running: sudo security authorizationdb write com.apple.trust-settings.admin allow This worked successfully in prior versions, including earlier 14.x releases, and continues to work on Intel-based macOS instances. However, in macOS 14.7.5 (on ARM), this approach no longer works. We suspect this may be due to a change in how System Integrity Protection (SIP) is enforced, especially on EC2 ARM. Questions: Has Apple introduced any changes in macOS 14.7.5 that prevent modifying trust settings via security CLI on headless or non-interactive sessions? Is there an approved or documented way to install system-level trusted certificates programmatically on macOS 14.7.5 (ARM)? Are there alternatives for setting trustRoot certs in non-GUI environments, such as virtualized or cloud-hosted macOS instances? As further information we were thinking to use MDM Profiles but looks like it is also blocked Thanks
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Jun ’25
App Groups on macOS, 'Register App Groups' Code Signing Problems
So I just updated Xcode to 16.3 and updated a project to its recommended build settings which includes "Register App Groups". So I have an outside Mac App Store app that uses app groups. Here we have an action extension. I can't debug it, can't get it to run. Nothing useful in Xcode is displayed when I try... but it looks like a code signing issue when I run and have Console open. So I try to make a provisioning profile manually and set it...didn't work. I noticed now though in signing & capabilities the group id is in red...like it's invalid, or something? This was a "macOS styled" group without the "group." prefix. So am I supposed to switch it to have the group. prefix? It makes the red text go away (no warnings or anything about app groups here, just red text). So if I change it to group. prefix..does that make an entire new container?What happens on app update for installs that don't have group. prefix? Does the system transparently migrate the group? Or Am I supposed to migrate the entire group container to the identifier with group. prefix? Also how does this affect running on older version of macOS? If I go with the "group." prefix to make the red text go away,.. what happens on macOS 11.0? Got a little more than I bargained for here after midnight.
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May ’25
Codesign Error When Publishing iOS MAUI App in Visual Studio Code
I am experiencing an issue when publishing my .NET MAUI application for iOS using Visual Studio Code. During the publishing process, I encountered a codesign error. Hope someone can help me. This is the error: Warning: unable to build chain to self-signed root for signer "Apple Distribution: SOFTBUILDER SDN. BHD. (********)" /Users/frankongthuanhong/Desktop/App/MLBusinessCafe_Maui/MLBusinessCafe_Maui/bin/Release/net8.0-ios/ios-arm64/MLBusinessCafe_Maui.app: errSecInternalComponent /usr/local/share/dotnet/packs/Microsoft.iOS.Sdk.net8.0_18.0/18.0.8316/tools/msbuild/iOS/Xamarin.Shared.targets(2335,3): error : /usr/bin/codesign exited with code 1: [/Users/frankongthuanhong/Desktop/App/MLBusinessCafe_Maui/MLBusinessCafe_Maui/MLBusinessCafe_Maui.csproj::TargetFramework=net8.0-ios] /usr/local/share/dotnet/packs/Microsoft.iOS.Sdk.net8.0_18.0/18.0.8316/tools/msbuild/iOS/Xamarin.Shared.targets(2335,3): error : Warning: unable to build chain to self-signed root for signer "Apple Distribution: SOFTBUILDER SDN. BHD. (U44UY7DYY7)" [/Users/frankongthuanhong/Desktop/App/MLBusinessCafe_Maui/MLBusinessCafe_Maui/MLBusinessCafe_Maui.csproj::TargetFramework=net8.0-ios] /usr/local/share/dotnet/packs/Microsoft.iOS.Sdk.net8.0_18.0/18.0.8316/tools/msbuild/iOS/Xamarin.Shared.targets(2335,3): error : /Users/frankongthuanhong/Desktop/App/MLBusinessCafe_Maui/MLBusinessCafe_Maui/bin/Release/net8.0-ios/ios-arm64/MLBusinessCafe_Maui.app: errSecInternalComponent [/Users/frankongthuanhong/Desktop/App/MLBusinessCafe_Maui/MLBusinessCafe_Maui/MLBusinessCafe_Maui.csproj::TargetFramework=net8.0-ios] /usr/local/share/dotnet/packs/Microsoft.iOS.Sdk.net8.0_18.0/18.0.8316/tools/msbuild/iOS/Xamarin.Shared.targets(2335,3): error : Failed to codesign '/Users/frankongthuanhong/Desktop/App/MLBusinessCafe_Maui/MLBusinessCafe_Maui/bin/Release/net8.0-ios/ios-arm64/MLBusinessCafe_Maui.app': Warning: unable to build chain to self-signed root for signer "Apple Distribution: SOFTBUILDER SDN. BHD. (U44UY7DYY7)" [/Users/frankongthuanhong/Desktop/App/MLBusinessCafe_Maui/MLBusinessCafe_Maui/MLBusinessCafe_Maui.csproj::TargetFramework=net8.0-ios] /usr/local/share/dotnet/packs/Microsoft.iOS.Sdk.net8.0_18.0/18.0.8316/tools/msbuild/iOS/Xamarin.Shared.targets(2335,3): error : /Users/frankongthuanhong/Desktop/App/MLBusinessCafe_Maui/MLBusinessCafe_Maui/bin/Release/net8.0-ios/ios-arm64/MLBusinessCafe_Maui.app: errSecInternalComponent [/Users/frankongthuanhong/Desktop/App/MLBusinessCafe_Maui/MLBusinessCafe_Maui/MLBusinessCafe_Maui.csproj::TargetFramework=net8.0-ios] /usr/local/share/dotnet/packs/Microsoft.iOS.Sdk.net8.0_18.0/18.0.8316/tools/msbuild/iOS/Xamarin.Shared.targets(2335,3): error : [/Users/frankongthuanhong/Desktop/App/MLBusinessCafe_Maui/MLBusinessCafe_Maui/MLBusinessCafe_Maui.csproj::TargetFramework=net8.0-ios] /usr/local/share/dotnet/packs/Microsoft.iOS.Sdk.net8.0_18.0/18.0.8316/tools/msbuild/iOS/Xamarin.Shared.targets(2335,3): error : [/Users/frankongthuanhong/Desktop/App/MLBusinessCafe_Maui/MLBusinessCafe_Maui/MLBusinessCafe_Maui.csproj::TargetFramework=net8.0-ios]
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359
Mar ’25
Notarization service says signature invalid, but codesign says it's fine
I'm trying to get an app notarized, which fails with this error: The signature of the binary is invalid. However, locally checking the signature does succeed: $ codesign -vvv --deep --strict TheApp.app […] TheApp.app: valid on disk TheApp.app: satisfies its Designated Requirement Performing this check on every single item in the app's MacOS folder also succeeds. Context: embedded prebuilt binaries Now, the app has something unusual about it: it embeds prebuilt binaries, arranged in various nested folders. So, the app bundle's MacOS folder actually contains another folder with a whole tree of executables and libraries: Removing these (before building) does fix the notarization issue, but obviously I'd like to keep them in. I did my best to properly sign these items: At build time, they're copied into the product by a Copy Files phase (but not signed), then signed by a script phase That signing uses the same signing identity as the running Xcode build, and enables the hardened runtime The app builds and runs correctly, even as a release build The app has runtime hardening and app sandbox enabled How should I go about diagnosing the notarization issue?
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May ’25