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Explore the networking protocols and technologies used by the device to connect to Wi-Fi networks, Bluetooth devices, and cellular data services.

Networking Documentation

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NEFilterManager.shared().loadFromPreferences never invoke completionHandler
NEFilterManager.shared().loadFromPreferences { loadError in DispatchQueue.global.async { ... } } the code above is executed in an app-like deamon and completionHandler was never invoked, same code in an application works fine.(they are both packed with content filter network system extension) is it because of the restriction of app-like deamon?
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382
Jan ’25
Getting list of wifi networks nearby with a specific prefix
I'm building an app that helps manage my own wifi access points. Now, all my wifis emit SSIDs starting with the same prefix. Is it possible for me to list down all the SSIDs near me that start with that prefix, so that determine which of my wifis are near me? (Swift) Can NEHotspotHelper or NEHotspotConfigurationManager help in this regard?
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313
Feb ’25
DHCP failure in macOS 15.4 and 15.5
We need your assistance as we are currently facing an issue without a workaround for users on macOS 15.4 and 15.5. FeedbackID: FB17547675 The problem has been observed on macOS versions 15.4 and 15.5. Apple has acknowledged this issue and confirmed that it is fixed in the macOS 15.6 beta. Although we tried to reproduce the issue in our environment, it did not occur, even on macOS 15.5. Therefore, we cannot verify if the fix in macOS 15.6 beta resolves the problem. We are actively working to identify an appropriate workaround for users on macOS 15.5. Some users have reported a failure to obtain an IP address over Wi-Fi, possibly due to a DHCP failure. As a temporary solution, we added logic to restart Wi-Fi programmatically when either an APIPA address (169.254.x.x) or no IPv4 address is detected on the active interface. However, restarting Wi-Fi does not always resolve the issue, and the device may still fail to obtain an IP address over Wi-Fi or Ethernet. Could you advise if there is a reliable method to detect DHCP failure and recover the device from this state? Also, any idea, how we can reproduce this scenario in our machine? Below is the failure. default 2025-06-27 10:07:57.055003 -0700 configd DHCP en0: ARP router: No leases to query for default 2025-06-27 10:07:57.055269 -0700 configd DHCP en0: status = 'no server' default 2025-06-27 10:08:23.336215 -0700 airportd WiFiUsageBssSession:: ChannelAfterRoam=0; ChannelAtJoin=36; FaultReasonApsdTimedOut=0; FaultReasonArpFailureCount=0; FaultReasonBrokenBackhaulLinkFailed=0; FaultReasonDhcpFailure=0; default 2025-06-27 10:08:23.367852 -0700 configd DHCP en0: status = 'media inactive' default 2025-06-27 10:08:23.367909 -0700 configd DHCP en0: INACTIVE default 2025-06-27 10:08:23.988565 -0700 configd DHCP en0: status = 'media inactive' default 2025-06-27 10:08:23.988703 -0700 configd DHCP en0: INACTIVE info 2025-06-27 10:08:23.988852 -0700 configd DHCPv6 en0: Inactive default 2025-06-27 10:08:35.656415 -0700 configd DHCP en0: status = 'network changed' default 2025-06-27 10:08:35.656817 -0700 configd DHCP en0: INIT default 2025-06-27 10:08:35.656821 -0700 configd DHCP en0: supplying device type 'Mac' info 2025-06-27 10:08:35.656934 -0700 configd DHCP en0: busy default 2025-06-27 10:08:35.657351 -0700 configd DHCP en0: INIT waiting at 0 for 1.358613 info 2025-06-27 10:08:35.657404 -0700 configd DHCPv6 en0: Inactive default 2025-06-27 10:08:37.019229 -0700 configd DHCP en0: INIT waiting at 1.36206 for 2.113913 default 2025-06-27 10:08:39.136955 -0700 configd DHCP en0: INIT waiting at 3.47937 for 4.462224 default 2025-06-27 10:08:43.602229 -0700 configd DHCP en0: ARP router: No leases to query for default 2025-06-27 10:08:43.603143 -0700 configd DHCP en0: INIT waiting at 7.94533 for 8.128784 default 2025-06-27 10:08:51.735532 -0700 configd DHCP en0: ARP router: No leases to query for default 2025-06-27 10:08:51.735846 -0700 configd DHCP en0: INIT waiting at 16.0786 for 8.749985 default 2025-06-27 10:09:00.488315 -0700 configd DHCP en0: ARP router: No leases to query for default 2025-06-27 10:09:00.488550 -0700 configd DHCP en0: INIT waiting at 24.8313 for 8.496864 default 2025-06-27 10:09:08.988284 -0700 configd DHCP en0: ARP router: No leases to query for default 2025-06-27 10:09:08.988310 -0700 configd DHCP en0: reported address acquisition failure symptom default 2025-06-27 10:09:08.988579 -0700 configd DHCP en0: INIT waiting at 33.3312 for 8.300735 default 2025-06-27 10:09:17.294478 -0700 configd DHCP en0: ARP router: No leases to query for info 2025-06-27 10:09:17.294485 -0700 configd DHCP en0: symptom failure already reported default 2025-06-27 10:09:17.295454 -0700 configd DHCP en0: INIT waiting at 41.6373 for 8.798768 default 2025-06-27 10:09:26.096673 -0700 configd DHCP en0: ARP router: No leases to query for info 2025-06-27 10:09:26.096688 -0700 configd DHCP en0: symptom failure already reported default 2025-06-27 10:09:26.097553 -0700 configd DHCP en0: INIT waiting at 50.4394 for 8.807943 default 2025-06-27 10:09:34.909050 -0700 configd DHCP en0: ARP router: No leases to query for info 2025-06-27 10:09:34.909054 -0700 configd DHCP en0: symptom failure already reported default 2025-06-27 10:09:34.909375 -0700 configd DHCP en0: INIT waiting at 59.2517 for 8.877971 default 2025-06-27 10:09:43.792458 -0700 configd DHCP en0: ARP router: No leases to query for info 2025-06-27 10:09:43.792464 -0700 configd DHCP en0: symptom failure already reported default 2025-06-27 10:09:43.793641 -0700 configd DHCP en0: status = 'no server' info 2025-06-27 10:09:43.794145 -0700 configd DHCP en0: not busy DNS failure resolver #1 flags : reach : 0x00000000 (Not Reachable) resolver #2 domain : local options : mdns timeout : 5 flags : reach : 0x00000000 (Not Reachable) order : 300000 resolver #3 domain : 254.169.in-addr.arpa options : mdns timeout : 5 flags : reach : 0x00000000 (Not Reachable) order : 300200 resolver #4 domain : 8.e.f.ip6.arpa options : mdns timeout : 5 flags : reach : 0x00000000 (Not Reachable) order : 300400 resolver #5 domain : 9.e.f.ip6.arpa options : mdns timeout : 5 flags : reach : 0x00000000 (Not Reachable) order : 300600 resolver #6 domain : a.e.f.ip6.arpa options : mdns timeout : 5 flags : reach : 0x00000000 (Not Reachable) order : 300800 resolver #7 domain : b.e.f.ip6.arpa options : mdns timeout : 5 flags : reach : 0x00000000 (Not Reachable) order : 301000 Route table Destination Gateway Flags Netif Expire 127 127.0.0.1 UCS lo0 127.0.0.1 127.0.0.1 UH lo0 169.254 link#14 UCS en0 ! 169.254.160.160/32 link#14 UCS en0 ! 224.0.0/4 link#14 UmCS en0 ! 224.0.0.251 1:0:5e:0:0:fb UHmLWI en0 239.255.255.250 1:0:5e:7f:ff:fa UHmLWI en0 255.255.255.255/32 link#14 UCS en0 !
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213
Jun ’25
Local Network Permission Issue
We're experiencing an issue with Local Network Permission. When trying to connect to a socket, the Local Network Permission alert pops up. To trigger the permission request at the start of the app, we used the following code to ask for permission and receive a callback on whether it's granted. However, this approach doesn't always trigger the permission alert, or it gets automatically dismissed after 30 seconds, only to reappear later. What could be causing this inconsistent behavior? func checkLocalNetworkPermission(_ completed: Optional<(Bool) -> Void> = .none) { DispatchQueue.global(qos: .userInitiated).async { let hostName = ProcessInfo.processInfo.hostName let isGranted = hostName.contains(".local") if let completed { DispatchQueue.main.async { completed(isGranted) } } } }
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232
Mar ’25
NEHotspotHelper API
For our outdoor power supply company that builds public WiFi networks at camping sites, we want to implement the following features in our app: Scan surrounding WiFi networks When detecting specific public WiFi SSIDs, provide users with corresponding passwords Automatically connect to those WiFi networks Regarding the NEHotspotHelper API permission application, when I clicked on https://developer.apple.com/contact/request/network-extension, it redirected me to https://developer.apple.com/unauthorized/. I'm not sure where to properly apply for this permission now.
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37
May ’25
PF rules issue on MacOS 15
Hey! We are investigating a problem pf rules being ignored by some processes. Despite blocking all traffic, some outgoing unicast packets can be seen in tcpdump. Issue is present in MacOS 15.0.0 - 15.3.1 (Newest at the time of writing). I tested MacOS 14.7.4 and pf rules there behaved as expected. Steps to reproduce the issue: $ cat pf.conf block all $ sudo pfctl -e -F all -f ./pf.conf Password: pfctl: Use of -f option, could result in flushing of rules present in the main ruleset added by the system at startup. See /etc/pf.conf for further details. No ALTQ support in kernel ALTQ related functions disabled rules cleared nat cleared dummynet cleared 0 tables deleted. 196 states cleared source tracking entries cleared pf: statistics cleared pf: interface flags reset pfctl: pf already enabled After executing these commands MacOS 14 will block all outgoing unicast traffic, and on MacOS 15 data can be sent to arbitrary addresses: $ ifconfig en0 en0: flags=8863<UP,BROADCAST,SMART,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 options=6460<TSO4,TSO6,CHANNEL_IO,PARTIAL_CSUM,ZEROINVERT_CSUM> ether b6:5e:a5:c5:1e:db inet6 fe80::1090:9c8:4325:329a%en0 prefixlen 64 secured scopeid 0xe inet 192.168.50.144 netmask 0xffffff00 broadcast 192.168.50.255 nd6 options=201<PERFORMNUD,DAD> media: autoselect status: active $ sudo tcpdump -k A -i any -n src 192.168.50.144 tcpdump: data link type PKTAP tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v[v]... for full protocol decode listening on any, link-type PKTAP (Apple DLT_PKTAP), snapshot length 524288 bytes 12:05:12.673472 (en0, proc com.apple.geod:1286:, svc BE, out, ch, flowid 0x0, ttag 0x0, dlt 0x1, cmpgc 0x0) IP 192.168.50.144.52012 > 17.253.15.196.443: Flags [P.], seq 1888882378:1888882402, ack 3554898220, win 2048, options [nop,nop,TS val 2752050055 ecr 1291585385], length 24 12:05:13.793937 (en0, proc com.apple.WebKit:974:, eproc Safari:804:, svc BE, out, ch, flowid 0x0, ttag 0x0, dlt 0x1, cmpgc 0x0) IP 192.168.50.144.52024 > 3.65.102.105.443: Flags [P.], seq 2011312019:2011312073, ack 673002582, win 2048, options [nop,nop,TS val 777228223 ecr 484269939], length 54 Was there any change in the way pfctl is used or is this a bug? This issue affects negatively privacy features of our product.
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287
Mar ’25
How to Access WiFi Connection Channel in iOS App?
Hi everyone, I'm developing an enterprise iOS application and need to access the WiFi connection channel. I understand that Apple's privacy and security policies restrict direct access to certain network details, including the WiFi connection channel. After some research, I found that this data might be accessible via the private API MobileWiFi.framework. However, when I tried to use this framework, I encountered the following error: Missing com.apple.wifi.manager-access entitlement I reached out to Apple regarding this entitlement, but they were not familiar with it, suggesting it might be deprecated. Here are my questions: Is there an official or supported way to access the WiFi connection channel in an enterprise iOS app? If not, is there any workaround or additional steps required to use the MobileWiFi.framework without encountering the entitlement error? Are there any specific entitlements or provisioning profile configurations that I need to be aware of to resolve this issue? Any guidance or suggestions would be greatly appreciated. Thank you!
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110
Apr ’25
WiFi Connect Error
When I used the iPhone 11 to scan the wifi connection, the system reported an error,   ‘’’ let config = NEHotspotConfiguration(ssid: name, passphrase: passwd, isWEP: false) let manager = NEHotspotConfigurationManager() manager.apply(config) { error in      } ’’’ NEHotspotConfigurationErrorDomain Code=8 “internal error.” , the only thins that fixes this issue it restarting the iPhone. What is the reason for this and how to solve it? Reference link: https://developer.apple.com/forums/thread/111638 https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/ask/sof/114654981
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72
Mar ’25
Is there any API or entitlement to scan available Wi-Fi networks on iOS (Xcode 15 / iOS 17+)?
Hello, I’m developing an iOS app with Xcode (Objective-C / Swift), and I would like to know if there is any supported way to retrieve a list of nearby Wi-Fi networks (their SSID and signal strength). I know that NEHotspotConfigurationManager allows to configure a specific network, and the Access WiFi Information entitlement allows getting the current connected network. But is there any API (public, private, or special entitlement) that allows scanning nearby Wi-Fi networks — even for limited purposes like configuration of IoT equipment, or MFi devices? I have seen some apps doing this in the past (probably via private API), but I want to know what is the current official solution. Thanks a lot!
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87
Jun ’25
Multipeer connection dropped when there's no WiFi connection
WiFi and Bluetooth are both enabled on Mac and iPhone, neither device is connected to a network Running MultipeerConnectivity on the Mac as Advertiser and iPhone as Browser, the invitation is sent from the phone and accepted by the mac, but the connection is then dropped. This doesn’t happen when the Advertiser is another iOS device. STEPS TO REPRODUCE THE PROBLEM We have created a small sample project that demonstrates the problem. It can be found at: https://github.com/eidria/Multipeer-Progress-Demo.git. It contains both a Mac app and a iOS app. Run the Mac app and start Advertising Run iOS app and start Browsing The iOS app automatically issues an invitation to the browser (Mac) which accepts. Shortly after the connection is dropped.
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452
Jan ’25
Use cellular data on the app while connected to hardware's wifi that doesn't have internet connection
Hello, I am in a very similar situation as described in the thread: https://developer.apple.com/forums/thread/655183 Context: I am working on an app that receives data from a hardware device through its Wifi network, and the hardware is not connected to the internet. Now, I would need to call some API while still connected to hardware so I would need to use the cellular data. As mentioned on the thread, I can achieve this via Network framework, using the requiredInterfaceType property. But Is there any other way I can achieve this? I can also do some suggestion on the hardware if that's helpful. Thank you!
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142
Apr ’25
Retrieve Only the Certificates Presented by the Server
Is it possible using the network framework to retrieve the list of certificates presented by the host alone, and not the reconstructed chain assembled by the system? For example, in OpenSSL one can call SSL_get_peer_cert_chain which will return exactly this - a list of the certificates presented by the server. This is useful for when you may want to manually reconstruct the chain, or if the server is misconfigured (for example, is missing an intermediate cert). Is something like this possible with the network framework? If I connect to a host that I know only returns 1 certificate, the trust ref already has the reconstructed chain by the time my code is called: sec_protocol_options_set_verify_block(tlsOptions.securityProtocolOptions, { metadata, trustRef, verifyComplete in let trust = sec_trust_copy_ref(trustRef).takeRetainedValue() let numberOfCertificates = SecTrustGetCertificateCount(trust) // Returns 3 even though the server only sent 1
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88
Mar ’25
URLSession not working on iOS26/Xcode26
Hi, I’m trying out my app with Xcode 26, running on an iOS 26 simulator. I'm having issues with URLSessions, it crashes when I set the URLSessionConfiguration to default, and if I don’t use the URLSessionConfiguration, it crashes if I use URLSession.shared. When running in a real device, it doesn't crash, but any network request will hang and time out after a while. Is it a known issue in the latest beta versions?
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213
Jun ’25
Creating another nw_endpoint_t/nw_connection_t from an existing one, to change port number
I'm able to discover a service with Bonjour, which gets me an nw_browse_result_t from which I can get an nw_endpoint_t and then an nw_connection_t. That's all fine. But this particular service runs on 3 ports. The port numbers of the other 2 ports are in the txt record (but they are well-known and stable anyway). How can I create 2 more nw_connection_t to the same host/IP but on a different port? I already have this working with NSNetService, but am trying to update to Network.framework. I've found nw_endpoint_get_address() but the docs say it returns null "if the endpoint is not of type nw_endpoint_type_address" and indeed nw_browse_result_t gives me an nw_endpoint_type_bonjour_service.
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75
Mar ’25
Can't find server for API Endpoint that works.
Hi, I am making a AI-Powered app that makes api requests to the openai API. However, for security, I set up a vercel backend that handles the API calls securely, while my frontend makes a call to my vercel-hosted https endpoint. Interestingly, whenever I try to make that call on my device, an iPhone, I get this error: Task <91AE4DE0-2845-4348-89B4-D3DD1CF51B65>.<10> finished with error [-1003] Error Domain=NSURLErrorDomain Code=-1003 "A server with the specified hostname could not be found." UserInfo={_kCFStreamErrorCodeKey=-72000, NSUnderlyingError=0x1435783f0 {Error Domain=kCFErrorDomainCFNetwork Code=-1003 "(null)" UserInfo={_kCFStreamErrorDomainKey=10, _kCFStreamErrorCodeKey=-72000, _NSURLErrorNWResolutionReportKey=Resolved 0 endpoints in 3ms using unknown from query, _NSURLErrorNWPathKey=satisfied (Path is satisfied), interface: pdp_ip0[lte], ipv4, ipv6, dns, expensive, uses cell}}, _NSURLErrorFailingURLSessionTaskErrorKey=LocalDataTask <91AE4DE0-2845-4348-89B4-D3DD1CF51B65>.<10>, _NSURLErrorRelatedURLSessionTaskErrorKey=( "LocalDataTask <91AE4DE0-2845-4348-89B4-D3DD1CF51B65>.<10>" ), NSLocalizedDescription=A server with the specified hostname could not be found., NSErrorFailingURLStringKey=https://[my endpoint], NSErrorFailingURLKey=https://[my endpoint], _kCFStreamErrorDomainKey=10} I'm completely stuck because when I directly make https requests to other api's like openai's endpoint, without the proxy, it finds the server completely fine. Running my endpoint on terminal with curl also works as intended, as I see api key usages. But for some reason, on my project, it does not work. I've looked through almost every single post I could find online, but a lot all of the solutions are outdated and unhelpful. I'm willing to schedule a call, meeting, whatever to resolve this issue and get help more in depth as well.
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137
Jun ’25
Socket Becomes Unresponsive in Local Connectivity Extension After Lock Screen
I’m developing an app designed for hospital environments, where public internet access may not be available. The app includes two components: the main app and a Local Connectivity Extension. Both rely on persistent TCP socket connections to communicate with a local server. We’re observing a recurring issue where the extension’s socket becomes unresponsive every 1–3 hours, but only when the device is on the lock screen, even if the main app remains in the foreground. When the screen is not locked, the connection is stable and no disconnections occur. ❗ Issue Details: • What’s going on: The extension sends a keep-alive ping packet every second, and the server replies with a pong and a system time packet. • The bug: The server stops receiving keep alive packets from the extension.  • On the server, we detect about 30 second gap on the server, a gap that shows no packets were received by the extension. This was confirmed via server logs and Wireshark).  • On the extension, from our logs there was no gap in sending packets. From it’s perspective, all packets were sent with no error.  • Because no packet are being received by the server, no packets will be sent to the extension. Eventually the server closes the connection due to keep-alive timeout.  • FYI we log when the NEAppPushProvider subclass sleeps and it did NOT go to sleep while we were debugging. 🧾 Example Logs: Extension log: 2025-03-24 18:34:48.808 sendKeepAliveRequest() 2025-03-24 18:34:49.717 sendKeepAliveRequest() 2025-03-24 18:34:50.692 sendKeepAliveRequest() ... // continuous sending of the ping packet to the server, no problems here 2025-03-24 18:35:55.063 sendKeepAliveRequest() 2025-03-24 18:35:55.063 keepAliveTimer IS TIME OUT... in CoreService. // this is triggered because we did not receive any packets from the server 2025-03-24 18:34:16.298 No keep-alive received for 16 seconds... connection ID=95b3... // this shows that there has been no packets being received by the extension ... 2025-03-24 18:34:30.298 Connection timed out on keep-alive. connection ID=95b3... // eventually closes due to no packets being received 2025-03-24 18:34:30.298 Remote Subsystem Disconnected {name=iPhone|Replica-Ext|...} ✅ Observations: • The extension process continues running and logging keep-alive attempts. • However, network traffic stops reaching the server, and no inbound packets are received by the extension. • It looks like the socket becomes silently suspended or frozen, without being properly closed or throwing an error. ❓Questions: • Do you know why this might happen within a Local Connectivity Extension, especially under foreground conditions and locked ? • Is there any known system behavior that might cause the socket to be suspended or blocked in this way after running for a few hours? Any insights or recommendations would be greatly appreciated. Thank you!
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70
Mar ’25
Fetching strategies - best practice? ETag, last modified - fetch all?
I am developing an Xcode app with a job feed, with profile view, with chat eg. I fetch using federatet queries to my microservices thru Apollo Router. Infront of the Apollo Router i Have a Kong that adds a X user ID, that the microservices use for personalized feed and other user info. The info is stored with SwiftData. My thought is that i should add a better way of controlling when i need to fetch. I have a “lastupdateAPI” with different entities (profile, profile picture eg). So when nothing has changed we do not fetch. But rather then using a own API for this, isnt ETag better? Or is it any other recommendations with Xcode Swiftui. Good strategies for not fetching what i already have?
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227
Feb ’25
Networking Multicast Permission Issue on iPadOS 18.1 with Xamarin App
I have been using networking multicast permissions in my Xamarin application for UDP device discovery, and it has been working reliably for years. However, I am now encountering an issue specific to iPadOS 18.1 (potentially also iPadOS 18, though I haven’t tested this). The issue is that my app no longer requests the required network permission on devices running iPadOS 18.1. On the other hand, the app works perfectly on iPhone and iPadOS 17.7 without any problems. Has there been any change in the networking or permissions framework in iPadOS 18.1 that could cause this behavior? I would appreciate any guidance or insights to resolve this issue. Thank you for your assistance!
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233
Jan ’25
Getting connection settings from method handleNewUDPFlow
I'm using NETransparentProxyProvider to intercept udp sockets using the method handleNewUDPFlow. An application may create a UDP socket and set the DONTFRAG using setsockopt method setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_DONTFRAG, &val, sizeof(val)) In this case, do I have option in this case, to get the connection settings inside the callback (void)handleNewUDPFlow:(NEAppProxyUDPFlow *)flow initialRemoteEndpoint:(NWEndpoint *)remoteEndpoint; So in this case, I would be able to create the outgoing socket with the exact same characteristics, after the original app socket got intercepted by my proxy provider ?
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371
Feb ’25